Genetic resources of the genus Malus as the basis for the accelerated creation of domestic adaptive apple tree varieties

Innovations in the apple tree breeding process are associated with study of gene pool, use valuable samples for accelerated production commercially popular domestic varieties. The purpose is to identify most genotypes genus Malus various origins and ploidy creation adaptive Modern programs methods variety were used. results (2010–2020) collection trees growing conditions Prikuban zone North Caucasus region presented. It was found that a significant decrease yield 2017 2020 crop as whole (11.69–12.48 t/ha) due an increase negative complex impact spring-summer winter stressors on plant. Promising industrial research identified: Gin, 12/1–21–46, 12/2–20–53, immune scab (Venturia inaequalis (Cook) G. Winter), increased adaptability effects abiostressors region, high productivity potential (average 26.15–30.05 t/ha, total - 287.65–330.55 t/ha). Selected by large-fruit: Orphey, 12/1–21–6, 12/1–21–24 fruit weight 200.3–225.5 g) further high-quality southern